关键词: 区块链,拜占庭错误,共识算法,Gossip协议,可扩展性

Abstract: Blockchain is a kind of distributed ledger system with peer-to-peer network,which has drawn widespread attention because of its characteristics such as decentralization,non-tempering,security and credibility.In a blockchain system,some nodes have the Byzantine errors such as operational errors,network latency,system crashes,malicious attacks,and so on.The existing consensus algorithms are less tolerant to the Byzantine nodes in the blockchain,and the scalability of the blockchain system is poor.In order to solve these problems,this paper proposed a Byzantine consensus algorithm based on Gossip protocol,which allows the system to tolerate less than half of the nodes as the Byzantine node and achieve the fault-tolerant performance of XFT consensus algorithm.This paper proved that the algorithm can reach consensus in a distributed system with Byzantine defects from the agreement,correctness and termination.At the same time,the system adopts the uniform data structure,and thus has better scalability and facilitates the right node to identify the Byzantine nodes in the blockchain system.In this algorithm,the proposed node is shifted with the change of the length of blockchain,so that all nodes in the system are in the same position,thus avoiding the single point of failure problem,and making the system have better dynamic load balancing performance.

Key words: Blockchain,Byzantine error,Consensus algorithm,Gossip protocol,Scalability