计算机科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (2): 269-275.doi: 10.11896/jsjkx.190400013
陈梦蓉1,林英1,2,兰微1,单今朝1
CHEN Meng-rong1,LIN Ying 1,2,LAN Wei1,SHAN Jin-zhao1
摘要: 共识机制是区块链技术的核心。授权股权证明(Delegated Proof-of-Stake,DPoS)作为一种共识机制,其中每个节点都能够自主决定其信任的授权节点,从而实现快速共识验证。但DPoS机制仍然存在着节点投票不积极以及节点腐败的安全问题。针对这两个问题,文中提出了基于奖励的DPoS改进方案,投票奖励用以激励节点积极参与投票,举报奖励用以激励节点积极举报贿赂节点。Matlab仿真结果表明,投票奖励方法的引入提高了节点投票的积极性。与原始DPoS共识机制下投票节点数占比45%~50%相比,两种投票奖励方法使得参与投票节点数占比分别增加至65%~70%以及55%~60%。相比原始DPoS共识机制下不接受贿赂节点占比会随着恶意节点贿赂力度的加大而不断减少的情况,举报奖励方法的引入使得选择举报节点的占比出现了明显增加,在投票轮数为20的情况下,选择举报节点的总占比可以增至54%。实验结果表明,奖励制度的引入不但能够提高节点投票的积极性,而且增强了普通节点对恶意节点的贿赂抵抗性,使恶意节点成“代理人节点”的概率变小,保障了网络安全性。
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