Computer Science ›› 2019, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 166-170.doi: 10.11896/j.issn.1002-137X.2019.02.026

• Software & Database Technology • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Study on Fractal Features of Software Networks

PAN Hao1, ZHENG Wei1,2, ZHANG Zi-feng1, LU Chao-qun1   

  1. School of Software,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang 330063,China1
    School of Mathematics and Statistics,Xidian University,Xi’an 710126,China2
  • Received:2018-08-07 Online:2019-02-25 Published:2019-02-25

Abstract: With the development of the Internet technology,the scale of software architecture is growing beyond the requirements,and the software function changes the structure of software network.The fractal structure of the software network reflects the self-similarity of the modules and the whole software network,and can analyze the architecture of software from the code level.This paper researched the fractal characteristic of software networks.First,the software networks are weighted by the complex relationships between the classes.Further more,a network centrality based box algorithm is utilized to calculate the fractal dimension of the software network.At last,two representative software of spring and struts2 are analyzed through experiments,and the results show that the both two framework and their mo-dules have fractal features and the fractal dimension of the software network increases with the complexity of the mo-dule.The fractal dimension of the software network with more comprehensive functions is bigger than that of the software network with special functions.Also the fractal dimension increases with the evolution of the software version in which the software function is gradually improved.

Key words: Architecture of software, Fractal, Software evolution, Software network

CLC Number: 

  • TP311.5
[1]WILFREDO T.Software Fault Tolerance:A Tutorial[J].Pomales,2000,1(2):220-232.
[2]BRIAND L C,DALY J W,WÜST J.A Unified Framework for Cohesion Measurement in Object-Oriented Systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering,2002,25(1):91-121.
[3]MYERS C R.Software systems as complex networks:structure,function,and evolvability of software collaboration graphs[J].Physical Review E Statistical Nonlinear & Soft Matter Physics,2003,68(2):046116.
[4]DONG Y,QI G N.The scale-free feature and evolving model of largescale software systems[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2006,55(8):3799-3804.(in Chinese)
闫栋,祁国宁.大规模软件系统的无标度特性与演化模型[J].物理学报,2006,55(8):3799-3804.
[5]HAN M C,LI D Y,LIU C Y.Networked characteristics in software and its contribution to software quality[J].Computer Engineering & Applications,2006,42(20):29-32.
[6]MA Y T,HE K Q,LI B,et al.Empirical Study on the Characteristics of Complex Networks in Networked Software[J].Journal of Software,2011,22(3):381-407.
[7]GAO Y,PENG Y,XIE F,et al.Software Metrics for complex networks[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology),2012,52(10):1474-1481.(in Chinese)
高洋,彭勇,谢丰,等.基于复杂网络的软件结构度量[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2012,52(10):1474-1481.
[8]CHONG C Y,LEE S P.Analyzing maintainability and reliability of object-oriented software using weighted complex network[J].Journal of Systems & Software,2015,110(C):28-53.
[9]WANG B Y,LV J H.Software Networks Nodes Impact Analysis of Complext Software Systems[J].Journal of Software,2013,24(12):2814-2829.(in Chinese)
汪北阳,吕金虎.复杂软件系统的软件网络结点影响分析[J].软件学报,2013,24(12):2814-2829.
[10]KUANG L,ZHENG B J,LI D Y,et al.A fractal and scale-free model of complex networks with hub attraction behaviors[J].Science China Information Sciences,2015,58(1):1-10.
[11]CONCAS G,LOCCI M F,MARCHESI M,et al.Fractal dimension in software networks[J].Europhysics Letters,2006,76(6):1221-1227.
[12]CONCAS G,MARCHESI M,MURGIA A,et al.Assessing traditional and new metrics for object-oriented systems[C]∥Proceedings of the 2010 ICSE Workshop on Emerging Trends in Software Metrics.ACM,2010:24-31.
[13]TURNU I,CONCAS G,MARCHESI M,et al.The fractal dimension of software networks as a global quality metric[J].Information Sciences,2013,245(10):290-303.
[14]CHIDAMBER S R,KEMERER C F.A metrics suite for object oriented design[J].IEEE Transactions on SoftwareEnginee-ring,1994,20(11):197-211.
[1] ZHANG Jiu-jie, CHEN Chao, NIE Hong-xuan, XIA Yu-qin, ZHANG Li-ping, MA Zhan-fei. Empirical Study on Stability of Clone Code Sets Based on Class Granularity [J]. Computer Science, 2021, 48(5): 75-85.
[2] LIU Sheng-jiu, LI Tian-rui, XIE Peng, LIU Jia. Measure for Multi-fractals of Weighted Graphs [J]. Computer Science, 2021, 48(3): 136-143.
[3] ZHANG Jian-xiong, SONG Kun, HE Peng, LI Bing. Identification of Key Classes in Software Systems Based on Graph Neural Networks [J]. Computer Science, 2021, 48(12): 149-158.
[4] WANG Ji-wen, WU Yi-jian, PENG Xin. Approach of God Class Detection Based on Evolutionary and Semantic Features [J]. Computer Science, 2021, 48(12): 59-66.
[5] HE Peng, YU Lv-jun. Analysis of Open Source Software Cliff Walls for Group Collaborative Development [J]. Computer Science, 2020, 47(6): 51-58.
[6] ZHANG Jing-xuan, JIANG He. Research Status and Development Trend of Identifier Normalization [J]. Computer Science, 2020, 47(3): 1-4.
[7] ZHONG Lin-hui, FU Li-juan, YE Hai-tao, QI Jie, XU Jing. Study on Reverse Engineering Generation Method of Software Evolution History [J]. Computer Science, 2020, 47(11A): 549-556.
[8] ZHANG Jing-jing, ZHANG Ai-hua, JI Hai-feng. Image Compression Encoding Based on Wavelet Transform and Fractal [J]. Computer Science, 2019, 46(8): 310-314.
[9] LIU Sheng-jiu, LI Tian-rui, LIU Xiao-wei. Network Dimension:A New Measure for Complex Networks [J]. Computer Science, 2019, 46(1): 51-56.
[10] TANG Qian-wen, CHEN Liang-yu. Analysis of Java Open Source System Evolution Based on Complex Network Theory [J]. Computer Science, 2018, 45(8): 166-173.
[11] LI Jia-xing, ZHAO Shu-liang,AN Lei,LI Chang-jing. Scaling-up Algorithm of Multi-scale Classification Based on Fractal Theory [J]. Computer Science, 2018, 45(6A): 453-459.
[12] LIU Tian-tian, BAO Fang-xun, ZHANG Yun-feng, FAN Qing-lan and YANG Xiao-mei. Rational Fractal Surface Modeling and Its Application in Image Super-resolution [J]. Computer Science, 2018, 45(3): 35-45.
[13] ZHENG Jiao-jiao, LI Tong, LIN Ying, XIE Zhong-wen, WANG Xiao-fang, CHENG Lei, LIU Miao. Judgement Method of Evolution Consistency of Component System [J]. Computer Science, 2018, 45(10): 189-195.
[14] HE Yun, WANG Wei and LI Tong. Formal Method for Describing Software Evolution Ability Feature [J]. Computer Science, 2017, 44(7): 128-136.
[15] ZHAO Hui-qun and HUANG Yu-han. Program Verification of Software Model’s Algebraic Properties [J]. Computer Science, 2017, 44(11): 240-245.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!