计算机科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (6): 52-57.doi: 10.11896/jsjkx.230200159
孙玮1, 毕玉江1,2, 程耀东1,2,3
SUN Wei1, BI Yujiang1,2, CHENG Yaodong1,2,3
摘要： 格点量子色动力学(格点QCD)是高能物理领域中需要大规模并行计算的最主要应用之一,相关研究通常需要消耗大量计算资源,核心是求解大规模稀疏线性方程组。文中基于国产鲲鹏920 ARM处理器,研究了格点QCD的计算热点Dslash,并将其扩展到64个节点(6 144核),展示了格点QCD计算的线性扩展性。 基于roofline性能分析模型,发现格点QCD是典型的内存限制应用,并通过将Dslash中的3×3复幺正矩阵根据对称性压缩,将其性能提升约22%。对于大规模稀疏线性方程的求解,在ARM处理器上探索了常用的Krylov子空间迭代算法BiCGStab,以及近年来发展起来的前沿的multigrid算法,发现即使考虑预处理时间,在实际物理计算中使用multigrid算法相比BiCGStab依然有几倍至一个数量级的加速。此外,还考虑了鲲鹏920处理器上的NEON向量化指令,发现将其用于multigrid计算时可以带来约20%的加速。因此,在ARM处理器上使用multigrid算法能极大地加速实际的物理研究。
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