计算机科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (7): 314-321.doi: 10.11896/jsjkx.190500168
徐光宪, 崔俊杰
XU Guang-xian, CUI Jun-jie
摘要： 经典网络编码在传输过程中的编码效率低,容易被窃听。虽然Hayashi提出的在发送端共享EPR的方式提高了信息传输过程中的编码效率,但其不能实现传输信息的完全恢复,也没有对信息进行安全处理,信息很容易被窃听。为此,文中提出了基于GHZ三粒子最大纠缠态,利用量子的不可克隆定理及隐形传态技术来防止信息被窃听的量子网络编码方案。首先,从经典的蝶形网络编码出发,在发送端对待发送粒子与GHZ态粒子进行直积操作;其次,对运算后的粒子进行Bell测量,并根据测量结果得到预编码信息,再将预编码信息传输给中间节点;然后,在接收端引入用于测量的辅助粒子,对接收到的粒子进行量子纠缠运算,并对粒子簇进行联合幺正运算;最后,依据编码信息选取相应的酉矩阵对粒子簇进行恢复。实验数据表明,基于GHZ态的量子网络编码在单次传输成功率上有了明显的提高,在编码效率上只需6个量子比特即可完成量子信息在蝶形网络中的交叉传输;在安全性方面,其提升了信息是否被窃听的可检测概率。实验数据充分表明,所提方案提高了网络编码系统的编码效率,有效地解决了信息传输的窃听问题。
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