HIBA:基于混合索引的区块链可验证高效查询架构

doi:10.11896/jsjkx.250600212

计算机科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (6A): 250600212-7.doi: 10.11896/jsjkx.250600212

HIBA:基于混合索引的区块链可验证高效查询架构

李小刚¹, 赵晖²

1 新疆大学计算机科学与技术学院乌鲁木齐 830046
2 新疆大学信号检测与处理重点实验室乌鲁木齐 830046

出版日期:2026-06-16 发布日期:2026-06-12
通讯作者: 赵晖(zhaohui@xju.edu.cn)
作者简介:(q1327242127@qq.com)
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区科技重点研发项目(2023B01032)

HIBA:Verifiable and Efficient Query Architecture for Blockchain Based on Hybrid Index

LI Xiaogang¹, ZHAO Hui²

1 College of Computer Science and Technology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,China
2 Key Laboratory of Signal Detection and Processing,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,China

Published:2026-06-16 Online:2026-06-12
About author:LI Xiaogang,born in 1998,postgra-duate.His main research interest is blockchain.
ZHAO Hui,born in 1972,Ph.D,professor.Her main research interests include artificial intelligence,affective computing,speech and digital image proces-sing.
Supported by:
Key Science and Technology R & D Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2023B01032).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对区块链系统中复杂查询效率低、验证开销大的问题,提出了一种混合索引区块链架构(HIBA)。该架构融合了动态Bloom过滤器、倒排索引和Merkle树,并构建了协同验证机制。该方法利用动态Bloom过滤器对候选区块进行快速预筛选,将查询复杂度从线性降低至常数级,有效避免了全链遍历;结合倒排索引技术,可定位区块内与语义关键词相关的数据,进一步提升查询效率;此外,引入Merkle树区间证明机制,使轻节点能够对查询结果进行增量式验证,显著降低了计算与通信开销。该方案在多关键词语义查询、查询效率与可验证性方面取得了显著突破,展现出良好的实用性与可扩展性。

关键词: 区块链, Bloom过滤器, 倒排索引, 查询优化, 多关键字

Abstract: To address the challenges of low efficiency in complex queries and high verification overhead in blockchain systems,this paper proposes a Hybrid Index Blockchain Architecture(HIBA) that integrates a dynamic Bloom filter,inverted index,and Merkle tree,along with a collaborative verification mechanism.The approach employs the dynamic Bloom filter to rapidly pre-screen candidate blocks,reducing query complexity from linear to logarithmic and effectively avoiding full-chain traversal.Combined with inverted indexing,it precisely locates data associated with semantic keywords within blocks,further enhancing query efficiency.Additionally,a Merkle tree-based interval proof mechanism is introduced,enabling light nodes to perform incremental verification of query results,significantly reducing computational and communication overhead.The proposed solution achieves notable breakthroughs in multi-keyword semantic query support,query efficiency,and verifiability,demonstrating strong practicality and scalability.

Key words: Blockchain, Bloom filter, Inverted index, Query optimization, Multiple keywords

中图分类号:

TP309

李小刚, 赵晖. HIBA:基于混合索引的区块链可验证高效查询架构[J]. 计算机科学, 2026, 53(6A): 250600212-7. https://doi.org/10.11896/jsjkx.250600212

LI Xiaogang, ZHAO Hui. HIBA:Verifiable and Efficient Query Architecture for Blockchain Based on Hybrid Index[J]. Computer Science, 2026, 53(6A): 250600212-7. https://doi.org/10.11896/jsjkx.250600212

参考文献

[1] YU G,NIE T Z,LI X H,et al.The challenge and pro spect of distributed data management techniques in blockchain systems[J].Chinese Journal of Computers,2021,44(1):28-54.
[2] NAKAMOTO S,BITCOIN A.A peer-to-peer electronic cashsystem[J/OL].https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf.
[3] WOODG.Ethereum:A secure decentralisedgeneralised transaction ledger[J].Ethereum Project Yellow Paper,2014,151:1-32.
[4] ANDROULAKI E,BARGER A,BORTNIKOV V,et al.Hy-perledger fabric:a distributed operating system for permissioned blockchains[C]//Proceedings of the Thirteenth Eurosys Conference.2018:1-15.
[5] PRZYTARSKI D,STACH C,GRITTI C,et al.Query processing in blockchain systems:Current state and future challenges[J].Future Internet,2021,14(1):1.
[6] PENNINO D,PIZZONIA M,GRISCIOLI F.Pipeline-integrity:Scaling the use of authenticated data structures up to the cloud[J].Future Generation Computer Systems,2019,100:618-647.
[7] GE Z,LOGHIN D,OOI B C,et al.Hybrid blockchain database systems:design and performance[J].Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment,2022,15(5):1092-1104.
[8] KALAJDJIESKI J,RAIKWAR M,ARSOV N,et al.Databases fit for blockchain technology:A complete overview[J].Blockchain:Research and Applications,2023,4(1):100116.
[9] HONG Z,GUO S,ZHOU E,et al.GriDB:Scaling blockchain database via sharding and off-chain cross-shard mechanism[J].arXiv:2407.03750,2024.
[10] ISLAM S,APU K U.Decentralized vs.Centralized database solutions in blockchain:advantages,challenges,and use cases[J].Global Mainstream Journal of Innovation,Engineering & Emerging Technology,2024,3(4):58-68.
[11] REN Y,HUANG D,WANG W,et al.BSMD:A blockchain-based secure storage mechanism for big spatio-temporal data[J].Future Generation Computer Systems,2023,138:328-338.
[12] XU C,ZHANG C,XU J.vchain:Enabling verifiable boolean range queries over blockchain databases[C]//Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Management of Data.2019:141-158.
[13] PAPAMANTHOU C,TAMASSIA R,TRIANDOPOULOS N.Optimal verification of operations on dynamic sets[C]//Annual Cryptology Conference.Berlin,Heidelberg:Springer Berlin Heidelberg,2011:91-110.
[14] JIA D Y,XIN J C,WANG Z Q,et al.SE-chain:a scalable storage and efficient retrieval model for blockchain[J].Journal of Computer Science and Technology,2021,36(3):693-706.
[15] WANG H,XU C,ZHANG C,et al.vChain+:Optimizing verifiable blockchain boolean range queries[C]//2022 IEEE 38th International Conference on Data Engineering(ICDE).IEEE,2022:1927-1940.
[16] ZHU Y,ZHANG Z,JIN C,et al.Enabling generic verifiable aggregate query on blockchain systems[C]//2020 IEEE 26th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems(ICPADS).IEEE,2020:456-465.
[17] ZHANG Y,KATZ J,PAPAMANTHOU C.An expressive(zero-knowledge) set accumulator[C]//2017 IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy(EuroS&P).IEEE,2017:158-173.
[18] LI Y,ZHENG K,YAN Y,et al.EtherQL:A query layer for blockchain system[C]//22nd International Conference Database Systems for Advanced Applications(DASFAA 2017).Springer International Publishing,2017:556-567.
[19] YIN B,ZENG W,ZHANG P,et al.EAQ:Enabling authenticated complex query services in sustainable-storage blockchain[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing,2023,8(3):435-447.
[20] PENG Y,DU M,LI F,et al.FalconDB:Blockchain-based collaborative database[C]//Proceedings of the 2020 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data.2020:637-652.
[21] WU G,ZHU B,LI J.BMKS:A blockchain based multi-keyword search scheme for medical data sharing[C]//2022 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications(ISCC).IEEE,2022:1-7.
[22] YU J,HOU Y,LI S,et al.A High-Speed Data Retrieval Model on Blockchain[C]//2022 11th International Conference of Information and Communication Technology(ICTech)).IEEE,2022:101-105.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

HIBA:基于混合索引的区块链可验证高效查询架构

HIBA:Verifiable and Efficient Query Architecture for Blockchain Based on Hybrid Index

PDF (PC)

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 0

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0