计算机科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (11A): 535-540.doi: 10.11896/jsjkx.200700164
周杰1, 罗云芳1, 雷耀建2, 李文敬3, 封宇1
ZHOU Jie1, LUO Yun-fang1, LEI Yao-jian2, LI Wen-jing3, FENG Yu1
摘要： 目前针对空气质量数值预测多采用单一站点时间序列特征进行浓度预测,没有考虑空气质量数值的变化受空间特征的影响。针对该问题提出一种基于时空优化的多尺度神经网络(MSCNN-GALSTM)模型用于空气质量预测,利用一维多尺度卷积核(MSCNN)提取空气质量数据中的局部时间关系和空间特征关系,并进行线性拼接融合,得出多站点多特征的相互时空特征关系,结合长短记忆网络(LSTM)处理时间序列的优势,并引入遗传算法(GA)对LSTM网络的参数集进行全局寻优,把多站点多特征的相互时空关系输入至LSTM网络中,进而输出多站点多特征的长期特征依赖关系。最后将MSCNN-GALSTM模型与单一LSTM基准模型和单尺度卷积神经网络模型进行对比,均方根误差(RMSE)下降约11%,平均预测准确率提升约20%。实验结果表明,MSCNN-GALSTM预测模型在空气质量数据预测中特征提取更加全面、层次更深,预测精度更高,并且表现出了更好的泛化能力。
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