计算机科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (9): 395-404.doi: 10.11896/jsjkx.250700112
李振南1, 钱佳妍1, 王欣芝1, 张辉2
LI Zhennan1, QIAN Jiayan1, WANG Xinzhi1, ZHANG Hui2
摘要: 中美科技竞争背景下,科技领域呈现出传统风险与新兴风险非线性叠加、内生脆弱性与外源威胁性深度耦合的态势。科技网络中多风险交织隐匿,现有研究多聚焦于单一风险特征的检测,存在跨层风险耦合建模与动态语义表征方面的不足。针对该问题,提出基于多粒度语义双重反思的科技风险结构识别方法,构建知识与学习共同驱动的潜在多粒度耦合科技风险结构挖掘框架。首先,基于多源科技文本逐层提取科技信息并构建多层多粒度科技网络;其次,采用8种中心性指标识别多层多粒度科技网络中的显式风险结构;为了弥补中心性度量方法准确度高但覆盖不到隐匿风险结构的固有局限,进一步提出基于子结构事实与大语言模型双重反思的科技风险结构识别方法,通过建模科技风险结构高阶语义特征并建立双重反思机制,自动挖掘以关键子结构为载体的潜在科技风险。该方法自适应聚类构建风险结构特征模式,采用动态阈值策略筛选潜在不可靠风险识别结果,并通过风险特征模式差异驱动的反思机制修正初始决策。同时,利用大语言模型的预训练知识集成多模型评估结果,实现大模型引导的决策二次优化。基于中心性度量的方法与基于双重反思的方法互补协同,实现识别结果中准确度与覆盖范围的均衡优化。在两个私有数据集(Tech-Graph,Teen-Graph)和一个公共数据集(Citeseer)上的实验结果表明了提出方法的有效性,其在英文科技风险结构数据集上的F1值达到99.55%,提升达2.88个百分点。
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