Abstract: High-reliability embedded software is widely deployed in safety-critical domains such as aerospace,industrial control,and automotive systems,often operating under harsh conditions including extreme temperature fluctuations,electromagnetic interference,and high-energy particle radiation.These conditions can easily trigger hardware-level anomalies like single-event upsets and data bit flips,leading to system functional failures or even major safety incidents.To enhance the runtime safety and reliability of high-reliability embedded software,this paper proposes a runtime verification method tailored for such software.Firstly,it performs static analysis on the target program to extract jump dependencies between instructions and constructs a priori instruction control flow information table.Secondly,it designs a lightweight monitoring module to capture real-time instruction flow data from the program’s bus,while verifying the correctness of the runtime instruction sequence through validation units combined with the a priori information table.Finally,it implements the verification framework on an FPGA platform and conducts experimental validation.The results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively ensures the correctness of high-reliability embedded software while meeting the resource constraints and verification latency requirements of embedded scenarios.

Key words: High-reliability embedded software, Runtime verification, Program correctness, Monitor, Hardware monitoring