计算机科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (11A): 584-589.
王丽苹1, 高瑞贞2, 张京军2, 王二成1
WANG Li-ping1, GAO Rui-zhen2, ZHANG Jing-jun2, WANG Er-cheng1
摘要: 混凝土道路路面中,裂缝的出现常常会导致重大的工程和经济问题。目前,利用计算机视觉技术进行裂缝检测时,需人工预先设计特征提取器对提取的图像特征进行分类,导致泛化能力较差和分类性能较弱。文中提出了一种基于卷积神经网络的裂缝检测方法,实现路面缺陷的自动化检测分类并提高路面裂缝检测效率与精度。首先,设计混凝土路面裂缝卷积神经网络,该模型基于AlexNet网络架构,从网络结构层次和超参数两个方面进行优化设计;其次,采用相机收集混凝土路面图像以获得学习数据,根据数据集大小、图像颜色因子的不同,分别创建了10000和20000张的灰色图与彩色RGB图4个数据集;然后,使用创建的4个数据集对设计的混凝土裂缝卷积神经网络进行训练,创建裂缝检测模型并与原始AlexNet模型相比较;最后,通过数据集大小、图像颜色因子与网络结构和超参数等影响因素对比两个模型。实验结果表明,通过增大数据集、使用彩色RGB图、调整网络结构和超参数,所提模型有助于提高分类检测精度。与原始AlexNet网络模型相比,所提网络模型的识别准确率更高,对彩色图像样本的识别准确率最高可达98.5%,同时避免了图像灰度的预处理,提高了裂缝检测的工作效率。
中图分类号:
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