面向软件生态演化的操作系统兼容性研究综述

doi:10.11896/jsjkx.240900097

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着软硬件技术的飞速发展,软件生态成为信息产业创新发展的关键。然而,软件生态规模和数量庞大、应用场景复杂多样、依赖和供应链关系纵横交错,使得软件生态快速演化带来的兼容性问题日益突出,传统兼容性分析方法的局限性也越来越明显。操作系统作为支撑整个软件生态系统的基础设施,其兼容性问题直接关系到软件的稳定性、可用性、安全性以及软件生态的健康发展。从操作系统视角分析兼容性能够更宏观地把握整个软件生态的上下层次和依赖关系,并可以借助大数据和智能化手段,对海量的软件生态关系和复杂演化进行分析,从而更高效地识别和解决兼容性问题,提高操作系统的适应性和用户体验。文中旨在从架构层次、关系网络、演化过程等多个维度全面总结分析操作系统兼容性的内涵、模型,并从操作系统中软件生态演化的角度,结合复杂关系网络、人工智能、知识图谱等技术手段发展,从分析评估、检测定位、修复保障等方面系统性地探讨了当前兼容性问题的主要解决方案和研究成果,并对该领域的研究挑战和未来发展方向进行了归纳总结。

关键词: 兼容性分析, 软件生态演化, 操作系统, 依赖关系, 关系网络, 知识图谱

Abstract: With the rapid development of hardware and software technologies,the software ecosystem has become a key driver for innovation in the information industry.However,due to the vast scale and complexity of the software ecosystem,diverse application scenarios,and intricate dependencies and supply chain relationships,compatibility issues arising from the rapid evolution of the software ecosystem have become increasingly prominent,exposing the limitations of traditional compatibility analysis me-thods.As the foundational infrastructure supporting the entire software ecosystem,operating system compatibility directly impacts software stability,usability,security,and the overall health of the software ecosystem.Analyzing compatibility from the perspective of operating systems allows a more comprehensive understanding of the hierarchical and dependency relationships within the software ecosystem.By leveraging big data and intelligent approaches,we can analyze large-scale relationships and complex evolution patterns,thereby more efficiently identifying and resolving compatibility issues,enhancing the adaptability and user experience of operating systems.This paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the concepts and models of opera-ting system compatibility from various dimensions,including architectural hierarchy,relationship networks,and evolutionary processes.From the perspective of the software ecosystem evolution within operating systems,this paper systematically explores the current solutions and research achievements for compatibility issues through analysis,assessment,detection,and resolution,integrating advanced technologies such as complex relationship networks,artificial intelligence,and knowledge graphs.It also summarizes the research challenges and future directions in this field.

Key words: Compatibility analysis, Software ecosystem evolution, Operating system, Dependency relationship, Relationship network, Knowledge graph

中图分类号:

TP316

洪欣然, 马俊, 王静, 张闯, 余杰, 李小玲, 张雪艳, 阳娅婧. 面向软件生态演化的操作系统兼容性研究综述[J]. 计算机科学, 2025, 52(7): 1-12. https://doi.org/10.11896/jsjkx.240900097

HONG Xinran, MA Jun, WANG Jing, ZHANG Chuang, YU Jie, LI Xiaoling, ZHANG Xueyan, YANG Yajing. Survey on Research of Compatibility Issues in Operating System for Software Ecology Evolution[J]. Computer Science, 2025, 52(7): 1-12. https://doi.org/10.11896/jsjkx.240900097

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