计算机科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (2): 250-256.doi: 10.11896/jsjkx.191100170
杜婉茹, 王潇茵, 田涛, 张越
DU Wan-ru, WANG Xiao-yin, TIAN Tao, ZHANG Yue
摘要： 实际战场环境错综复杂,很多隐蔽、动态的障碍无法通过高空手段预先探测得知,因而对智能体执行任务的安全性产生威胁。针对未知且障碍形态多样的战场环境,以躲避动、静障碍,追踪目标为研究对象,提出一种面向未知环境及动态障碍的改进人工势场(Artificial Potential Field,APF)路径规划算法。在该算法中,智能体构建了以目标点为中心的引力势场,以及以障碍物为中心的斥力势场,在智能体行进路途中感知局部障碍及目标点的运动信息,并且将信息加入势场函数的计算中达到动态避障与追踪的效果;另一方面,引入距离因子及动态临时目标点来消除APF算法常见的无解问题——极小解情况及路径抖动现象。通过建立不同数量的随机障碍场景,进行多次仿真对比实验,结果表明:所提算法能够在未知环境中灵活躲避动态障碍并进行目标点的追踪,可以有效消除死解及路径抖动问题。将所提算法与传统APF算法及添加了动态避障机制的文献[19]所述算法进行对比实验,结果表明所提算法能成功化解两种对比算法路径规划失败的情况,顺利完成路径规划任务,且成功率在95%以上。
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