计算机科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (4): 112-120.doi: 10.11896/jsjkx.241200213
李晖1,2, 刘述娟1, 鞠明媚1, 王杰鹏1, 姬迎松1
LI Hui1,2, LIU Shujuan1, JU Mingmei1, WANG Jiepeng1, JI Yingsong1
摘要： 在噪声中等规模量子(Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum,NISQ)时代,考虑硬件耦合约束限制,并非所有量子门均可直接执行,通常需要利用额外引入的SWAP操作实现量子比特交换后,逻辑线路才能直接运行于物理硬件上。为了避免传统量子线路映射过程中SWAP操作带来的额外开销,对量子比特频度进行定义,提出一种高频-密集量子门集策略(High Frequency-Dense Quantum Gate Set Strategy,HF-DQGS),并将其应用于量子线路映射。基于量子比特频度,对CNOT门进行优先级划分,定义高频-密集量子门集;利用多变量成本函数对候选SWAP门的实际开销进行评估,确定待执行的SWAP操作;根据基于量子比特频度的最优SWAP门评价准则,SWAP操作后对评价函数进行比较,筛选出最优的SWAP门。实验结果表明,HF-DQGS能够显著减少附加SWAP门的数量,并在一定程度上减少CNOT门的数量。具体而言,在t|ket〉和Qiskit 编译器上的测试结果显示,额外SWAP门的数量平均分别减少了36.6%和47.8%,CNOT门的数量平均分别减少了13%和13.4%。
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