Computer Science ›› 2022, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (1): 175-180.doi: 10.11896/jsjkx.210200042

• Computer Graphics & Multimedia • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Dynamic Low-sampling Ambient Occlusion Real-time Ray Tracing for Molecular Rendering

LI Jia-zhen, JI Qing-ge   

  1. School of Computer Science and Engineering,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510006,China
    Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Processing,Guangzhou 510006,China
  • Received:2021-02-04 Revised:2021-07-01 Online:2022-01-15 Published:2022-01-18
  • About author:LI Jia-zhen,born in 1997,postgraduate.His main research interests include computer graphic and virtual reality.
    JI Qing-ge,born in 1966,Ph.D,associate professor,is a member of China Computer Federation.His main research interests include computer graphic,vir-tual reality and computer vision.
  • Supported by:
    Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(BK20141209).

Abstract: High-quality rendering in molecular visualization are particularly important for researchers to observe the structure of biomolecules.The rasterization rendering effect commonly used by mainstream molecular visualization tools is not good.Advanced ray tracing rendering technology can achieve high-quality rendering effects,however,molecular rendering methods that support ray tracing in the current tools have various problems such as platform limitations,insufficient real-performance,and poor rende-ring quality.In this paper,a dynamic low-sampling ambient occlusion real-time ray tracing for molecular rendering is proposed.A simple reprojection method for ray tracing is proposed to implement temporal denoising of low-sampling ambient occlusion in dynamic.We also propose a shadow rays packet strategy to improve the parallelism of calculation when the ray traverses the scene.Experimental results show that our method can achieve interactive rendering performance on PC,and compared with the advanced VMD-OSPRay method on the TH-2 supercomputer,our method achieves performance acceleration of 1.40 to 1.64 times,and improves the serious noise problem of dynamic images.

Key words: Ambient occlusion, Data parallel, Molecular rendering, Molecular visualization, Ray tracing

CLC Number: 

  • TP391
[1]MATTHEEWS N,EADSON R,KITAO A,et al.High quality rendering of protein dynamics in space filling mode[J].Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling,2017,78:158-167.
[2]SAYLE R,MILNER-WHITE J.RASMOL:biomolecular gra-phics for all[J].Trends in Biochemical Sciences,1995,20(9):374-376.
[3]DELANO L,WARREN L.PyMOL:An Open-Source Molecular Graphics Tool[J].CCP4 Newsletter on protein crystallography,2002,40(1):82-92.
[4]HUMPHREY W,DALKE A,SCHULTEN K.VMD:Visualmolecular dynamics[J].Journal of Molecular Graphics,1996,14(1):33-38.
[5]KOZLIKOVA B,KRONE M,FALK M,et al.Visualization ofBiomolecular Structures:State of Art Revisited[J].Computer Graphics Forum,2016,36(8):178-204.
[6]MARTINEZ X,CHAVENT M,BAADEN M.Visualizing protein structures—tools and trends[J].Biochemical Society Transactions,2020,48(2):499-506.
[7]KUCHKUDA R.An Introduction to Ray Tracing [M]//Theoretical Foundations of Computer Graphics and CAD.Berlin:Springer,1988,40:1039-1060.
[8]WALD I,KNOLL A,JOHNSON G,et al.CPU ray tracing large particle data with balanced P-k-d trees[C]//2015 IEEE Scienti-fic Visualization Conference.IEEE,2015:57-64.
[9]BITTNER J,HAPALA M,HAVRAN V.Incremental BVHconstruction for ray tracing[J].Computers & Graphics,2015,47(4):135-144.
[10]WALD I,SLUSALLEK P,BENTHIN C,et al.Interactive Rendering with Coherent Ray Tracing[J].Computer Graphics Forum,2001,20(13):153-165.
[11]BOULOS S,EDWARDS D,LACEWELL D,et al.Packet-based whitted and distribution ray tracing[C]//Proceedings of Grap-hics Interface 2007(GI'07).ACM,2007:177-184.
[12]BARRINGER R,AKENINE-MOLLER T.Dynamic Ray Stream Traversal[J].ACM Transactions on Graphics,2014,33(4):1-9.
[13]FRA A T,BENTHIN C,WALD I,et al.Local Shading Cohe-rence Extraction for SIMD-efficient Path Tracing on CPUs[C]//Proceedings of High Performance Graphics(HPG'16).Eurographics Association,2016:119-128.
[14]STONE J E.Interactive ray tracing techniques for high-fidelity scientific visualization[M]//Ray Tracing Gems.Apress,Berkeley,CA,2019:493-515.
[15]MARSALEK L,DEHOF A K,GEORGIEV I,et al.Real-timeRay Tracing of Complex Molecular Scenes[C]//14th International Conference Information Visualization.IEEE,2010:239-245.
[16]GEORGIEV I,SLUSALLEK P.RTfact:Generic concepts forflexible and high performance ray tracing[C]//IEEE Sympo-sium on Interactive Ray Tracing.IEEE,2008:115-122.
[17]STONE J,VANDIVORT K,SCHULTEN K.GPU-accelerated Molecular Visualization on Petascale Supercomputing Platforms[C]//In Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Ultrascale Visualization.ACM,2013.
[18]PARKER S,BIGLER J,DIETRICH A,et al.Optix:A General Purpose Ray Tracing Engine[J].ACM Transactions on Gra-phics,2010,29(4):1-13.
[19]KNOLL A,WALD I,PAPKA M,et al.Ray tracing and volume rendering large molecular data on multi-core and many-core architectures[C]//Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Ultrascale Visualization.ACM,2013:1-8.
[20]WALD I,JOHNSON G,AMSTUTZ J,et al.OSPRay-A CPU Ray Tracing Framework for Scientific Visualization[J].IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics,2016,23(1):931-940.
[21]WALD I,SLUSALLEK P,BENTHIN C,et al.Embree-A Ray Tracing Kernel Framework for Efficient CPU Ray Tracing[J].ACM Transactions on Graphics,2014,33(4):1-8.
[22]WANG F,WALD I,WU Q,et al.CPU isosurface ray tracing of adaptive mesh refinement data[J].IEEE Transactions on Visua-lization and Computer Graphics,2018,25(1):1142-1151.
[23]HAN M,WALD I,USHER W,et al.Ray tracing generalizedtube primitives:Method and applications[J].Computer Gra-phics Forum,2019,38(3):467-478.
[24]SUSSMAN J,ABOLA E,LIN D,et al.The Protein Data Bank[J].Genetica,1999,106(1):149-158.
[25]HERMOSILLA P,VAZQUEZ P,VINACUA A,et al.A Gene-ral Illumination Model for Molecular Visualization[J].Computer Graphics Forum,2018,37(3):367-378.
[26]KARIS B.High Quality Temporal Supersampling [R].Sig-graph,2014.
[27]ANDERSSON P,NILSSON J,SALVI M,et al.TemporallyDense Ray Tracing[C]//High Performance Graphics.2019:33-38.
[28]WISSMANN N,MISIAK M,FUHRMANN A,et al.Accele-rated Stereo Rendering with Hybrid Reprojection-Based Raste-rization and Adaptive Ray-Tracing[C]//2020 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR).IEEE,2020:828-835.
[29]CORSO A D,SALVI M,KOLB C,et al.Interactive Stable Ray Tracing[C]//Proceedings of High Performance Graphics(HPG'17).ACM,2017:1-10.
[30]BIGLER J,STEPHENS A,PARKER S G.Design for Parallel Interactive Ray Tracing Systems[C]//In Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Interactive Ray Tracing.IEEE,2006:187-195.
[31]YANG L,LIU S,SALVI M.A Survey of Temporal Antialiasing Techniques[J].Computer Graphics Forum,2020,39(2):607-621.
[32]SCHERZER D,LEI Y,MATTAUSCH O,et al.Temporal Coherence Methods in Real-Time Rendering[J].Computer Gra-phics Forum,2012,31(8):2378-2408.
[1] LI Jia-zhen, JI Qing-ge, ZHU Yong-lin. Ray Tracing Checkerboard Rendering in Molecular Visualization [J]. Computer Science, 2022, 49(2): 134-141.
[2] SU Qing-hua, FU Jing-chao, GU Han, ZHANG Shan-shan, LI Yi-fei, JIANG Fang-zhou, BAI Han-lin, ZHAO Di. Parallel Algorithm Design for Assisted Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer [J]. Computer Science, 2019, 46(11A): 524-527.
[3] YANG Ji-xiang. UCMLib:A Multi-core Multithread Programming Library [J]. Computer Science, 2016, 43(4): 188-191.
[4] XU Guang-hui, SU Guo-jie, WANG Hua-li, WANG Qing-guo and LIU Yang. Analyzing Effects of Antenna Polarization on Indoor ZigBee Channel Transmission Characteristics [J]. Computer Science, 2016, 43(4): 92-96.
[5] LI Gang and LUO Yu-jun. Rendering of Moving Water Reflection Based on Backward Ray Tracing and Image Based Rendering [J]. Computer Science, 2014, 41(Z6): 181-183.
[6] ZHANG Quan-gui,WANG Pu,YAN Jian-zhuo,FANG Li-ying. Study on Global Illumination Using Ray Tracing [J]. Computer Science, 2010, 37(4): 27-30.
[7] CHEN Qing-Kui CHEN Qing-Kui (College of Computer Engineering, Shanghai University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093). [J]. Computer Science, 2007, 34(11): 67-70.
[8] . [J]. Computer Science, 2007, 34(10): 195-199.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!