Abstract: Wireless sensor networks (WSN) pose new research challenges related to the design of algorithms,network protocols,and software that will enable the development of applications based on sensor devices．In this paper,we proposed a multi-hop routing algorithm based on clustering to reduce the energy consumption and prolong network lifetime．In order to avoid nodes with low residual energy becoming cluster heads,our algorithm selects residual energy as an energy-control factor to balance the energy consumption．Through the introduction of Cluster Head-weight,multi-hop Cluster Head routing trees with shortest path are constructed．Through the multi-hop transmission way,it reduces the number of Cluster Heads to connect directly with Base Station in communication．Simulation results show our algorithm is more efficient to reduce and balance energy consumption and hence prolong the lifetime of WSN.

Key words: Wireless sensor network,Multi-hop,Routing,Cluster,Energy balance