Computer Science

Computer Science ›› 2021, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (11): 159-169.doi: 10.11896/jsjkx.210400027

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• Blockchain Technology • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Key Update Mechanism in Bitcoin Based on Improved P2PKHCA Script Scheme

XIANG A-xin1,2, GAO Hong-feng1,3, TIAN You-liang1,2,4   

  1. 1 College of Computer Science and Technology,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China
    2 Institute of Cryptography & Date Security,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China
    3 Network and Information Management Center,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China
    4 State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data,Guiyang 550025,China
  • Received:2021-04-01 Revised:2021-08-09 Online:2021-11-15 Published:2021-11-10
  • About author:XIANG A-xin,born in 1996,postgra-duate.His main research interests include cryptography and blockchain technology.
    GAO Hong-feng,born in 1975,associate professor.His main research interests include network and information secu-rity.
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(61662009, 61772008),Science and Technology Major Support Program of Guizhou Province(20183001), Key Program of the National Natural Science Union Foundation of China(U1836205), Science and Technology Program of Guizhou Province( [2019]1098,ZK[2021]general 331,ZK[2021]general 325),Project of High-level Innovative Talents of Guizhou Province( [2020]6008) and Science and Technology Program of Guiyang( [2021]1-5).

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Abstract: Bitcoin is one of the most mature public chain application systems,the user key is the critical factor to the process of determining the ownership of Bitcoin,the security of Bitcoin is guaranteed by the safe management of the user key,and the loss of the key will lead to the loss of a large number of user assets.So it is an urgent problem to recover the lost assets.This paper proposes a key update mechanism in Bitcoin based on the improved P2PKHCA (pay-to-public-key-hash-with-conditional-anonymity) script scheme to solve above problems.Firstly,the key generation algorithm in the P2PKHCA scheme is improved by introducing the key life cycle and random number to solve its key leakage problem.Secondly,the two new opcodes,OP_KEYUPDATE and OP_TSELECTION,are proposed to design the new key update script to realize the user key update of the Bitcoin system.Finally,two types of key update schemes based on the key update script are constructed to make the script suitable for the requirements of different key update applications.The security analysis and performance analysis of the key update mechanism show that the proposed mechanism realizes the recovery of lost Bitcoins in the Bitcoin system on the premise of the effective completion of update of user's key.

Key words: Bitcoin, Blockchain, Key update, Recovery of lost Bitcoins, Script scheme

CLC Number: 

  • TP3
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