Abstract: Biogeography is the study of the geographical distribution of biological organisms, Prof. Dan Simon took the mechanism to resolve engineering problems,and proposed a new optimization algorithm named Biogeography-Based Optimization (BBO).BBO algorithm has a wide attention by its unique search mechanism and good performance. We over-viewed the BBO's natural mechanism, the math model of BBO migration, the progress of BBO, migration and mutation operation of BBO. We listed the results of BBO tests on a set of 14 standard benchmarks and compared it with UA,ACO, and PSO etc to prove its good performance. This paper also discussed the difference of BBO with traditional optimization algorithms and the future problems of BBO.

Key words: Optimization algorithm, Biogeography-based optimization, Intelligence optimization