计算机科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (7): 196-203.doi: 10.11896/jsjkx.210500020
王兵1, 吴洪亮1, 牛新征2
WANG Bing1, WU Hong-liang1, NIU Xin-zheng2
摘要: 针对传统人工势场法存在引力过大、容易陷入局部极小值、目标不可达以及容易陷入陷阱区域等问题,提出了基于路径优化策略和参数优化的改进势场法。通过引力补偿增益系数来避免引力过大的问题;根据环境信息采取不同的虚拟目标点设置策略以逃离局部极小值点;设置观察距离以识别障碍物的分布情况,选择不同的路径优化策略来避免目标不可达问题,机器人通过提前旋转角度来切向远离陷阱区域或采用安全路径通过该区域;采用改进差分进化算法求解有约束最优化问题,使得人工势场法的初始化参数不再根据经验来设置。仿真实验结果表明,改进势场法可以有效解决机器人陷入局部极小值、目标不可达等问题,并可优化机器人的行驶路径,提高机器人移动的安全性。相比传统人工势场法,改进势场法的路径长度减少了17.5%。
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