基于异构机器学习算法融合的遥感影像分类

doi:10.11896/j.issn.1002-137X.2019.05.036

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对信息获取与处理过程中的不确定性导致的遥感数据分类精度难以满足土地覆盖变化、环境监测、专题信息提取等应用方面的需求,提出了一种基于机器学习的分类融合算法。采用6种异构分类器,以查准率及查全率矩阵为先验知识,依据分类器差异性指数AD对单分类器进行优化组合,结合三维概率矩阵分别得到抽象级、排序级和度量级的分类融合结果输出,并以北京地区Landsat 8遥感影像的典型区域为研究对象进行分类预测。结果表明,从6个单分类器中选取3个进行组合时的效果较好,其中AD值最大的(NB,KNN,SVM)分类器组合是综合效果最好的分类器组合;所提算法的抽象级输出比单分类的平均精度高12.28%,比分类效果最好的单分类器SVM高2.24%;所提算法对多个“强成员分类器”进行融合仍然能有效提高分类精度,比常用融合算法RF,Bagging和Boosting分别高出11.23%,7.56%和11.36%,对各种地物的分类精度有显著的提高。

关键词: 差异性指数, 分类器融合, 机器学习, 先验知识

Abstract: In the application of multi-spectral remote sensing data,such as land cover change,environmental monitoring and thematic information extraction,the classification accuracy is not high enough due to the uncertainty of remote sen-sing information acquisition and processing.In order to further improve the classification accuracy,this paper proposed a fusion algorithm based on 6 heterogeneous machine learning classifiers.This algorithm provides classification results in abstract level,ranked level and measurement level by using prior knowledge set which is composed of precision and recall matrix,Accuracy and Difference (AD) index of the combination of classifiers,and the 3-dimensional probability matrix.Based on the Landsat 8 image data,the classification results in the study area of Beijing are forecasted by the proposed fusion algorithm and other different algorithms respectively.Experimental results shows that the 3-classifier combination composed of NB,KNN and SVM obtaines maximum AD value and the best classification effect.The abstract level output of the algorithm is 12.28% higher than the average accuracy of 6 single classifiers and even 2.24% higher than the best single classifier of SVM.Compared with the commonly used algorithms such as Random Forest (RF),Bagging and Boosting failed in the case of “strong member classifier”,the proposed fusion algorithm performs still well with accuracy 11.23%,7.56% and 11.36% higher than RF,Bagging and Boosting respectively.The proposed fusion algorithm can effectively improve the classification accuracy of remote sensing data by making full use of the diversity of classifiers and prior knowledge such as precision and recall matrix in the process of classification.

Key words: Accuracy and difference Index, Classifiers fusion, Machine learning, Prior knowledge

中图分类号:

TP181

田振坤, 傅莺莺, 刘素红. 基于异构机器学习算法融合的遥感影像分类[J]. 计算机科学, 2019, 46(5): 235-240. https://doi.org/10.11896/j.issn.1002-137X.2019.05.036

TIAN Zhen-kun, FU Ying-ying, LIU Su-hong. Remote Sensing Image Classification Based on Heterogeneous Machine Learning Algorithm Fusion[J]. Computer Science, 2019, 46(5): 235-240. https://doi.org/10.11896/j.issn.1002-137X.2019.05.036

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