计算机科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (6): 74-80.doi: 10.11896/jsjkx.220500108
谢浩山1, 刘晓楠1, 赵晨言1, 刘正煜2
XIE Haoshan1, LIU Xiaonan1, ZHAO Chenyan1, LIU Zhengyu2
摘要: 量子计算是一种遵循量子力学规律来调控量子信息单元进行计算的新型计算模式,而量子算法由一系列量子门组合而成,其实现形式为量子线路。量子线路是对量子比特进行操作的线路,以量子比特为基本的存储单元,将量子逻辑门连接在一起来实现特定的计算功能。文中在“嵩山”超级计算机上利用MPI+OpenMP混合并行编程模型,实现了将大规模量子线路拆分到不同节点上进行构建,加快了线路的构建速度,并且在CPU集群系统上具有良好的可拓展性。针对节点间通信问题,设计了序列化和反序列化函数,以保证节点间数据的传输,并且根据各节点所分配任务量间存在的指数级差异,设计了一种拆分任务量、各节点轮循处理的优化方式,实现了节点间的负载均衡。最后在超级计算机CPU集群上成功实现了大规模的量子相位估计线路的构造,相较于单节点取得了8.63的加速比,并通过HHL算法验证了所设计的并行相位估计子模块的正确性,为大规模HHL算法在超算平台上的实现提供了参考。
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