计算机科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (11): 302-308.doi: 10.11896/jsjkx.210800109
陈静, 李志淮, 高冬雪, 李敏
CHEN Jing, LI Zhi-huai, GAO Dong-xue, LI Min
摘要: 分片技术是解决区块链可扩展性问题的核心技术之一。当将P2P网络中的交易按规则汇集到既定分片,且验证节点随机均衡分配到各分片后,由于个别分片的交易验证负载可能远远超过平均负载,因此该分片内的交易可能会拥堵。为了解决分片间的负载不均衡,提出了利用状态归约的分片负载均衡方法。首先,给出了状态归约模型,允许性能高的节点存储更多的相邻状态,并据此将节点性能做出粗略分类;然后,根据每一时隙的交易验证情况将未经验证的交易作为剩余负载,并将其作为调整下一时隙分片内验证能力的依据;最后,对节点进行评分、等级划分,根据剩余负载、共识验证节点集合的平均评分,给出节点选取策略,合理且随机分配节点,并对高负载分片的剩余负载向上归约。实验结果表明,利用状态归约的分片负载均衡方法在不降低单个分片的交易验证率的基础上,有效处理了个别分片的异常过载。
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