电子病历可视化研究综述

doi:10.11896/jsjkx.221100265

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着医疗信息化技术的不断发展,对电子健康记录(EHR)数据的深入挖掘和有效利用在辅助医疗领域发挥着越来越大的作用。对近十年来基于电子病历的数据可视化方法和技术进行了总结、梳理和展望。首先,利用知识图谱方法对该领域的研究热点和发展趋势进行梳理;然后,从文献中提取出可视化技术的一般流程和4项任务,即对比分析、异常检测、模式发现和决策支持;再分别对具有代表性的技术方法进行描述、分类和评价;最后,归纳出电子病历可视化研究中的5种可视化表现形式和3个可视化维度,并在此基础上探讨各种方法的适用场景。分析发现,电子病历可视化技术不仅可帮助医护人员在临床诊断中更直观地了解病人的状态,也可帮助研究人员分析挖掘EHR数据的价值,对互联网医疗和智慧医疗的发展具有积极意义。但目前该领域的研究也存在中文医疗词典和知识库较少、不能有效处理海量时变数据以及缺少统一和量化的评价方法等问题。

关键词: 电子健康记录, 数据可视化, 电子病历可视化

Abstract: With the development of medical information technology,the effective utilization of electronic health records(EHR) data is playing an increasingly important role in the field of assisted medical care.This paperreviews the data visualization methodsand technologies based on EHR in recent ten years.Firstly,the knowledge map method isused to show the research hotspots and development trends of EHR data visualization in the past ten years.Then the general process and four tasks of visualization technology are extracted from the literature,including comparative analysis,anomaly detection,pattern discovery and decision support.Next,the representative researchesarefurtherly summarized,classified and evaluated.Finally,5 kinds of visualization models and 3 visual dimensions of EHR aresummarized and the applicable scenarios of various methods are discussed based on the above research frameworks.It is found that the visualization technology based on EHR could not only help doctors and nurses understand patients’ status more intuitively in clinical diagnosis,but also help researchers analyze and mine the value of EHR data.At the same time,it is also of positive significance for the development of Internet medicine and intelligent medicine.However,there are still some problems in this field,such as lack of authoritative Chinese medical dictionary and knowledge database,hard to process the massive time-varying EHR data,and there is no unified and quantitative evaluation of visualization methods.

Key words: Electronic health records, Data visualization, Electronic medical record visualization

中图分类号:

TP391

叶显忆, 柴艳妹, 郭凤英. 电子病历可视化研究综述[J]. 计算机科学, 2023, 50(11A): 221100265-11. https://doi.org/10.11896/jsjkx.221100265

YE Xianyi, CHAI Yanmei, GUO Fengying. Survey of Medical Data Visualization Based on EHR[J]. Computer Science, 2023, 50(11A): 221100265-11. https://doi.org/10.11896/jsjkx.221100265

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