计算机科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (12): 362-367.doi: 10.11896/jsjkx.211100282
王冬1,2, 肖冰冰1,2, 金晨光1, 李政1,2, 李笑若1, 祝丙南1
WANG Dong1,2, XIAO Bing-bing1,2, JIN Chen-guang1, LI Zheng1,2, LI Xiao-ruo1, ZHU Bing-nan1
摘要： 权益证明共识算法(PoS)虽然具有不需要花费算力的优势,然而由于权益越高的节点获得记账权的可能性越大,因此记账节点具有很强的确定性且容易富者愈富,一旦权益最高的节点无法正常记账出块,其余节点仍要重新竞争记账权,此时系统停滞的概率急剧增大。针对这两个缺陷,提出了一种基于动态分组的重要性共识优化算法(DPoI)。首先,算法引入重要性评估方案,依据节点活跃度、交易占比、寻找随机数的时间和信誉度计算每轮中节点的重要性分数iValue;然后,利用斐波那契数列将iValue相近的节点动态分组,组内借鉴DPoS投票策略排名充当备选节点,形成灾备方案,从而有效避免系统停滞;最后,设计了二进制指数退避算法来快速剔除系统中的恶意节点,从而有效增强了区块链系统的安全性和稳定性。实验结果表明,DPoI出块的速度约为PoI的6倍,大大加快了出块速度。当恶意节点占比达到70%时,二进制指数退避算法仍能有效剔除恶意节点,系统的可靠性得到了充分保障。
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