计算机科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (2): 303-310.doi: 10.11896/jsjkx.200500112
季钰翔1, 黄建华1, 王喆1, 郑红1, 唐瑞琮2
JI Yu-xiang1, HUANG Jian-hua1, WANG Zhe1, ZHENG Hong1, TANG Rui-cong2
摘要： 共识算法是去中心化的区块链系统实现数据状态一致的关键。针对传统的实用拜占庭容错(Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance,PBFT)共识算法在可扩展性和安全性方面存在的不足,提出一种基于信任度的匹配拜占庭共识算法 (Trust-based Matching Byzantine Fault Tolerance,TMBFT)。首先,通过基于信任度的邻居匹配模型来选取部分节点进行投票共识,以降低区块链网络的通信量;其次,引入信任度评价机制来监督邻居节点的行为,确保有效检测出拜占庭节点,保证节点投票的安全性;最后,设计投票计数机制保证了共识结果的一致性,并提高了共识效率。与PBFT相比,TMBFT将通信复杂度从O(N2)降到O(Nlog2N),有效降低了网络中的通信开销。安全性分析表明,信任度评价机制可降低节点作恶的概率,并有效提高系统安全性。实验结果表明,TMBFT较传统拜占庭算法具有更好的性能优势。
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