计算机科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (11): 159-169.doi: 10.11896/jsjkx.210400027
所属专题： 密码学 虚拟专题
向阿新1,2, 高鸿峰1,3, 田有亮1,2,4
XIANG A-xin1,2, GAO Hong-feng1,3, TIAN You-liang1,2,4
摘要： 比特币是最成熟的公有链应用系统之一,用户密钥是比特币所有权确定过程的关键,比特币的安全由用户密钥的安全管理所保证,密钥的遗失会导致大量的用户资产流失,因此实现流失资产找回是亟待解决的问题。针对以上问题,提出了基于改进P2PKHCA(具有条件匿名的支付到公钥哈希)脚本方案的比特币密钥更新机制。首先,通过引入密钥生命周期和随机数改进P2PKHCA方案中的密钥生成算法,以解决其存在的密钥泄露问题;其次,提出两个新的操作符OP_KEYUPDATE和OP_TSELECTION来设计新的密钥更新脚本,以实现比特币系统的用户密钥更新;最后,基于密钥更新脚本构造两种密钥更新方案,使得密钥更新脚本适用于不同的密钥更新应用需求。对密钥更新机制进行的安全性分析和性能分析表明,所提机制在有效完成用户密钥更新的前提下,能够实现比特币系统中流失比特币的找回。
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