计算机科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (10): 297-309.doi: 10.11896/jsjkx.210800227
王梦楠1, 黄建华1, 邵兴辉1, 麦勇2
WANG Meng-nan1, HUANG Jian-hua1, SHAO Xing-hui1, MAI Yong2
摘要： 分片是一种解决区块链扩容问题的技术,但是分片可能会导致恶意节点更容易集中在单个分片内,从而阻碍整个系统的安全运行。文中提出了一种基于信誉的区块链分片共识协议,通过建立信誉机制来衡量节点行为,促使节点遵循协议,并通过基于信誉等级的分片方法来减小各分片节点信誉等级分布的差异,防止恶意节点集中在单一分片进行作恶。提出一种验证链和记录链相结合的双链模型,该模型通过交易信息的差异化存储,在扩展区块链存储容量的同时提高了区块链的安全性。将投票份额与节点信誉相关联,同时差异化节点承诺,提出了基于信誉的快速拜占庭容错共识算法,使诚实节点更快达成共识,并减小恶意节点的影响。安全性分析表明,RCBSP能够保证分片内节点分布的合理性和共识过程的安全性,防止双花攻击、无利害关系攻击。实验结果表明,RBSCP在保证安全性的前提下,能够做到低分区时延、低共识时延和高吞吐量。
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