Abstract: Pleural effusion is a complication of many major diseases.Invasive puncture and biochemical tests are the gold standard for diagnoising the property of pleural effusion.Therefore,a non-invasive pleural effusion analysis method is of great significance.A model based on standardization of pleural effusion ultrasonic image—Property analysis method of pleural effusion(PAMPE) is proposed.PAMPE can quickly and noninvasively classify three laboratory indexes:effusion color,effusion turbidity and Rivalta test.The construction of PAMPE is mainly divided into three steps:image standardization,construction of feature engineering and using v-SVM to build PAMPE after feature selection.In the image standardization step,a new standardization method—Standardi-zation of Pleural Effusion Ultrasonic Image(SOPEU) is also proposed.SOPEU suppresses the differences in the grayscale and scale of the images in the image set caused by the different parameters of ultrasound equipment,the different degree of obesity of patients,and the different degree to which pleural effusion is shielded by the bones and diaphragm.Experiment results illustrate that,PAMPE behaves well in a variety of evaluation indicators:accuracy,precision,recall,F1-score,confusion matrix,receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve and area under ROC curve(AUC).Specifically,for the three classification problems,the accuracy can reach 0.800,0.743 and 0.719,the precision can reach 0.806,0.779 and 0.741,the recall can reach 0.921,0.815 and 0.893,the F1-score can reach 0.860,0.796 and 0.809 and the AUC can reach 0.820,0.700 and 0.709,which proves the effectiveness of PAMPE from different aspects.Comparative results shows that for the three classification problems,PAMPE has increased the accuracy of 0.090,0.048 and 0.086 respectively compared with the model constructed without SOPEU.The experimental results show that the normalized images effectively reduce the classification errors caused by the different quality of data sources.

Key words: Non-invasive qualitative analysis, Ultrasound image of pleural effusion, Ultrasound image standardization